"2. Methods
In this retrospective study we collected data from the UK ONS web-based platform. This platform gathers total mortality data by vaccination status from April, 2021 until May, 2023...
We decided ... to analyze the ONS public data on all-cause mortality according to vaccination status, starting from the rates already officially provided by the ONS itself on its website. We calculated the rate ratios RR by vaccination status for every age group. Furthermore, due to month-to-month variation in the populations of individual vaccination status, we decided to calculate Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMRs) for those vaccinated with any dose in the different age groups, and to evaluate any potential emerging trends over time...
3. Results
... Deaths from all causes:
In all age groups, those vaccinated with the first dose at least 21 days ago have a significantly higher risk of death from all causes than those not vaccinated in almost all months of the entire period...
The RRs for those vaccinated with three doses at least 21 days ago, for the age groups 60-69 years and older, present a growth trend which, starting from values much lower than one, reaches and exceeds the reference value:
- for the 60-69 years age group, the risk of death significantly exceeds that of the unvaccinated in the months of November and December 2022 and remains in the following months not significantly different from that of the unvaccinated
- for the 70-79 years age group the RR exceeds the reference value in June 2022 and always remains significantly higher, apart from the months of September 2022 and May 2023 where the values are not significative [sic]
- for the 80-89 years age group the RR exceeds the reference value in April 2022, reaches the maximum value (RR = 2.29, CI 95 = 2.04-2.58) and then stabilizes on values always significantly higher than 1
- for vaccinated people aged 90 years and over, the reference value is exceeded in April 2022 (RR = 1.13, CI 95 = 1.02-1.26), then remaining at values always significantly higher than 1, with a maximum of 1.85 in November 2022...
6. Conclusions
... Our findings show that all-cause deaths SMRs [standardized mortality ratios] were increasing in any of the age groups considered. All-cause death SMRs, initially well below 1 for every age group, due to their increase, since a certain date exceeded the reference value of the unvaccinated people for the age groups 18-39, 80-89 and 90+."
Copyright: © 2025 Alessandria M et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.