"Abstract
... Like other vaccines, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines can also cause unwanted reactions. Erythema multiforme (EM) is among the oral mucocutaneous side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. This study aimed to comprehensively review the reported cases of EM since the global onset of COVID-19 vaccination. Data from 31 relevant studies regarding the type and dose of COVID-19 vaccines administered, time of initiation of symptoms, age, and gender of patients, site of involvement, patients’ medical history, and treatment options were extracted. In total, 90 patients were identified with EM as a side effect of COVID-19 vaccination across studies. EM had the highest frequency after receiving the first dose of mRNA vaccines in older individuals. The first symptoms of EM appeared in less than 3 days in 45% and after 3 days in 55% of patients.
Introduction
... Erythema multiforme (EM) is among the cutaneous side effects of COVID-19 vaccination. EM is a cutaneous inflammatory condition, which is classically related to infections, and is most common following herpes simplex virus and mycoplasma infections. However, a wide range of stimulants such as infective agents, medications, and even internal diseases may also trigger its occurrence. Skin lesions in EM mainly include targetoid papules comprised of three distinct concentric regions. EM is classified into two groups of major and minor. In EM minor, cutaneous lesions cause less than 10% body surface involvement especially on the acral extensor surfaces with minimal or no mucosal involvement. EM major has a cutaneous pattern similar to that of EM minor but with greater extension and mucosal involvement. Also, some cases of oral mucosal ulcers have been reported without any skin lesions, which are classified under a new category of oral EM...
EM is a rare adverse complication of some other vaccines as well, including mumps, measles, and hepatitis B, and to date, 984 cases of EM due to vaccination have been reported. Also, some EM-like reactions related to COVID-19 have been reported which were mainly in the form of acral typical lesions in younger patients and more extensive atypical lesions in adults."
Explanatory article:
mRNA Injury Series - Erythema Multiforme after Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines - 14 papers reviewed with photographs of 20 confirmed cases - mRNA Injury to the Immune system, by William Makis
https://makismd.substack.com/p/mrna-injury-series-erythema-multiforme
© Korean Vaccine Society.
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